ICT Knowledgebase
ICKTB is team of experience and expert in ICT industry sharing their knowledge.
DNS is a host name to IP address translation service. DNS is a distributed database implemented in a hierarchy of name servers. It is an application layer protocol for message exchange between clients and servers. Every host is identified by the IP...
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) provides one of the most commonly used services in a TCP/IP network. The vast majority of hosts in a TCP/IP network are user devices, and the vast majority of user devices learn their IPv4 settings using...
To access the Internet, one public IP address is needed, but we can use a private IP address in our private network. The idea of NAT is to allow multiple devices to access the Internet through a single public address. To achieve this, the...
Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) is one of First Hop Redundancy Protocol (FHRP) which provides redundancy like other First Hop Redundancy Protocol, also provides load Balancing. It is a Cisco proprietary protocol which can perform both...
VRRP is an open standard protocol, which is used to provide redundancy in a network. It is a network layer protocol (protocol number-112). The number of routers (group members) in a group acts as a virtual logical router which will be the default...
Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) is a CISCO proprietary protocol, which provides redundancy for a local subnet. In HSRP, two or more routers gives an illusion of a virtual router. HSRP allows you to configure two or more routers as standby routers...
IP routing redundancy is designed to allow for transparent fail-over at the first-hop IP router. Well, first off, let’s briefly recall the concept of a default gateway: a default gateway is nothing else than the first hop for packets from a...
Routing protocols basically exchange information so routers can learn routes. The routers learn information about subnets, routes to those subnets, and metric information about how good each route is compared to others. The routing protocol can then...
We’ve all accidentally sent an email too early, without a specific attachment, or to the wrong address. It can be devastating. Regardless of how it happened, an accidental email can make you seem too eager, too rushed, or worse. Finally, there is...
Are you planning to upgrade Panorama managed Paloalto firewall? Is your Paloalto forwarding samples to on-prem Wildfire appliance? If yes, you need to know few pre-requisite before upgrading firewall. When upgrading firewalls that you manage with...
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